Smart Mobility Robot: Employing Line Follower Navigation for Object Movement

Abstract

The growing need for automation in industrial and service sectors has emphasized the importance of systems that can minimize human involvement in repetitive and labor-intensive tasks, such as object transportation. This study proposes the design and implementation of an autonomous line follower robot to address the problem of manual object transfer along a predefined route. The developed system employs a BFD-1000 infrared sensor module for line detection, an Arduino UNO microcontroller for processing and control tasks, an L298N motor driver for actuating DC motors, and a mechanical structure composed of drive wheels and a robotic arm mechanism. The robot is programmed to follow a fixed path and transport objects from a pickup point to a designated drop-off location. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the robot is capable of reliably transporting loads up to 100 grams, with stable path-tracking performance. The results indicate the potential of the proposed system as a cost-effective solution for simple automated transportation tasks.