Usability Evaluation of MENTARI E-Learning Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Approach

Abstract

The rapid digital transformation in Indonesian higher education has positioned e-learning as a core instructional mode. However, despite the institution-wide deployment of MENTARI—Universitas Pamulang's learning management system—no empirical, theory-grounded usability evaluation has been conducted. This study addresses this gap by evaluating MENTARI's usability using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Employing a quantitative explanatory survey design, this study involved 115 active Information Systems students at UNPAM Serang Campus selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire comprising 19 validated items covering four TAM constructs: Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Attitude Toward Using (ATU), and Behavioral Intention to Use (BIU). Results indicate all instruments demonstrated high validity (r = 0.807–0.939) and excellent reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.985). All five hypotheses were supported: PEOU significantly predicted PU (β = 0.876), PEOU and PU jointly predicted ATU (R² = 0.845), ATU strongly predicted BIU (β = 0.918), and PU served as a significant partial mediator (z = 7.77; 65.1% mediation proportion). ATU emerged as the most dominant usability dimension. Student acceptance levels were rated as high (mean scores 4.10–4.26). These findings confirm TAM's validity for evaluating e-learning usability in Indonesian private higher education and provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing the MENTARI platform.